The Construction of Hospitals for the Insane
PART I.
Chapters 1 - 10- Chapter I
- PRELIMINARY REMARKS
- Chapter II
- DEFINITIONS OF INSANITY
- Chapter III
- FREQUENCY OF INSANITY
- Chapter IV
- CURABILITY OF INSANITY
- Chapter V
- ECONOMY OF CURING INSANITY
- Chapter VI
- HOSPITALS THE BEST PLACES FOR TREATMENT
- Chapter VII
- DIFFERENT CLASSES OF HOSPITALS FOR THE INSANE
- Chapter VIII
- STATE PROVISION TO BE FOR ALL CLASSES
- Chapter IX
- THE ASSOCIATION OF MEDICAL SUPERINTENDENTS OF AMERICAN INSTITUTIONS FOR THE INSANE
- Chapter X
- FIRST STEPS TO SECURE A HOSPITAL
- Chapter XI
- FORM OF LAW FOR ESTABLISHING A HOSPITAL
- Chapter XII
- BUILDING COMMISSIONS
- Chapter XIII
- SELECTION OF A SITE
- Chapter XIV
- AMOUNT OF LAND
- Chapter XV
- SUPPLY OF WATER
- Chapter XVI
- DRAINAGE
- Chapter XVII
- ENCLOSURES
- Chapter XVIII
- PATIENTS' YARDS
- Chapter XIX
- IMPORTANCE OF ARCHITECTURAL ARRANGEMENTS
- Chapter XX
- CHARACTER OF PROPOSED PLANS
- Chapter XXI
- SIZE OF BUILDINGS AND NUMBER OF PATIENTS
- Chapter XXII
- POSITION, AND GENERAL ARRANGEMENTS OF THE BUILDING
- Chapter XXIII
- FORM OF BUILDING
- Chapter XXIV
- HEIGHT OF HOSPITALS
- Chapter XXV
- TEMPORARY OR WOODEN STRUCTURES
- Chapter XXVI
- NUMBER OF PATIENTS IN A WARD
- Chapter XXVII
- NATURAL VENTILATION
- Chapter XXVIII
- CELLARS
- Chapter XXIX
- MATERIALS OF WALLS
- Chapter XXX
- PLASTERING
- Chapter XXXI
- SECURITY FROM FIRE IN CONSTRUCTION
- Chapter XXXII
- ROOFS
- Chapter XXXIII
- SIZE OF ROOMS AND HEIGHT OF CEILINGS
- Chapter XXXIV
- FLOORS
- Chapter XXXV
- DOORS
- Chapter XXXVI
- LOCKS
- Chapter XXXVII
- WINDOWS AND WINDOW GUARDS
- Chapter XXXVIII
- INSIDE WINDOW SCREENS
- Chapter XXXIX
- STAIRS
- Chapter XL
- ASSOCIATED DORMITORIES
- Chapter XLI
- INFIRMARY WARDS
- Chapter XLII
- BATH ROOMS
- Chapter XLIII
- WATER CLOSETS
- Chapter XLIV
- WARD DRYING ROOMS
- Chapter XLV
- WATER PIPES
- Chapter XLVI
- DUST FLUES AND SOILED CLOTHES HOPPERS
- Chapter XLVII
- KITCHENS AND SCULLERIES
- Chapter XLVIII
- DUMB WAITERS AND DISTRIBUTION OF FOOD
- Chapter XLIX
- RAILROAD
- Chapter L
- HEATING AND VENTILATION
- Chapter LI
- AXIOMS ON HEATING AND VENTILATION
- Chapter LII
- HOT AIR AND VENTILATING FLUES
- Chapter LIII
- LIGHTING
- Chapter LIV
- PATIENTS' WORK ROOMS
- Chapter LV
- GENERAL COLLECTION ROOM
- Chapter LVI
- WASHING, DRYING, IRONING, AND BAKING
- Chapter LVII
- FARM BUILDINGS
- Chapter LVIII
- COST OF HOSPITALS FOR THE INSANE
- Chapter LIX
- DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES
- Chapter LX
- DESCRIPTION OF THE FRONTISPIECE AND ITS GROUND PLAN
More to come...
CHAPTER LIX
DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES.
TO render some of the proposed arrangements more clearly understood, and to give a better idea of the styles of building which have been recommended, the accompanying plans are introduced. As has been already stated, they were drawn for hospitals intended to give ample accomodations for the officers of the institutions, for all persons employed about them in any capacity, and for the custody and best treatment of not less than two hundred and fifty patients in each. These buildings, as will be observed, consist mainly of a basement and two principal stories in every part, except the centre and the projecting portions of the wings, which rise a few feet higher. On the centre building is a dome, in which are placed the water tanks made of boiler iron, and which should be of sufficient size to contain 20,000 gallons. In one of the plans are some one-story buildings, specially for excited patients.
The ventilating shafts terminate on the projecting portions of the wings and in the central domes.
The centre buildings separate the two sexes—if both are provided for in the same structure,—and on either side of them are three ranges of wings. The first range is separated from the centre building by a fireproof space about ten feet wide, with movable glazed sash, on each side of the passage, and the other ranges either fall back just far enough to leave the corridors open at both extremities, or they may be placed at any further distance, not exceeding twenty feet, that may be preferred; or else, the second range may pass off at right angles to the first, as shown in the frontispiece. These fireproof spaces give great facilities for securing light and air, and all the advantages of a natural ventilation, and also for preventing the spread of a fire.
This arrangement as will be seen, makes eight distinct wards or classes on each side of the centre, exclusive of some additional provision for very noisy or violent patients, at the extreme ends of each range, which last gives great facilities for the removal of patients who become noisy or violent in the other wards.
The illustrations in this volume show elevations and ground plans for three distinct forms of hospital buildings, besides those for insane criminals, detailed in Part Second.
The first plate, or frontispiece, represents the Department for Males of the Pennsylvania Hospital for the Insane at Philadelphia, which was opened for the reception of patients in 1859. The next Plate, II, opposite the frontispiece, shows the ground plan of the same building.
Plates III, IV, V, VI, and VII, show the same elevation and ground plan, with the same detailed description of the linear form, as those which were originally given in the first edition of this book, and which were carried out in all their details in the Alabama Hospital for the Insane, and less thoroughly, although retaining most of their essential features, in many other hospitals in various parts of the United States.
Plates VIII, IX, and X, show the elevation, cellar, and plan of the principal story of a modification of the last; the changes that have been made, involve little additional cost, and they are believe to have some important advantages, which will be referred to when giving a description of it.
